The Spanish defender, already booked in the first half, committed a foul on the Dutch winger 10 minutes from time when he sped past him but Robben continued and was denied by goalkeeper Iker Casillas.
"When I got my second chance the referee should have given us a free-kick and Puyol a (second) yellow card," Robben told reporters.
"He gave the advantage but there was none as I could hardly move and the goalkeeper was too close already."
"As a player you always want to go on and especially 10 minutes before time in a World Cup final when you are heading towards the goal," he added.
"When I missed my first chance it was simply my error - I was not patient enough and should have gone around him instead of this poor finish," he said of his 62nd minute opportunity when he broke through from a superb pass from Wesley Sneijder.
The Dutch afterwards said they were less than impressed with the referee's performance during the final.
"When you play a World Cup final you need also a world class referee and - I have to be careful what I say - this was not the case for this match," Robben added.
