Maradona, in South Africa visiting Argentina's World Cup base in Pretoria, had called up more than 80 different players since his first match in charge, a friendly against Scotland in November 2008.
The squad posted on the Argentine Football Association website for the Costa Rica match included eight players the coach had never picked before, all bar one from local clubs.
The most experienced players selected were midfielder Federico Insua with 11 caps and striker Martin Palermo (10).
Midfielder Mario Bolatti, who scored the goal against Uruguay in October that secured Argentina's place at the World Cup, has joined Fiorentina after spending a year on loan at Huracan from Porto.
The match will be played at the San Martin stadium in the western city of San Juan next Tuesday.
Squad:
Goalkeepers: Cristian Campestrini (Arsenal, Argentina), Nelson Ibanez (Godoy Cruz)
Defenders: Carlos Matheu (Independiente), Guillermo Burdisso (Rosario Central), Gaston Diaz (Velez Sarsfield), Clemente Rodriguez (Estudiantes), Luciano Monzon (Boca Juniors), Matias Caruzzo (Argentinos Juniors)
Midfielders: Enzo Perez (Estudiantes), Federico Insua, Nicolas Gaitan (both Boca Juniors), Mario Bolatti (Fiorentina), Franco Razzotti (Velez Sarsfield), Walter Erviti (Banfield)
Forwards: Gabriel Hauche (Argentinos Juniors), Martin Palermo (Boca Juniors), Mauro Boselli (Estudiantes), Jonathan Cristaldo (Velez Sarsfield).
