On the other hand, forward Giampaolo Pazzini was recalled, one day after he scored a hat-trick for his new club AC Milan in a 3-1 win at Bologna. Pazzini found goals hard to come by at Inter Milan last season and was left out of the Euro 2012 squad.
Balotelli's club Manchester City said on Saturday that he would undergo surgery on a minor eye condition.
Cassano was playing for Inter Milan on Sunday and there was no immediate explanation for his absence.
There was a call-up for uncapped Napoli forward Lorenzo Insigne who spent last season in Serie B with Pescara, helping them win promotion, and has performed impressively with the under-21 team.
Italy visit Bulgaria on Friday and host Malta four days later as they kick off their qualifying campaign for the 2014 finals in Brazil.
Goalkeepers: Gianluigi Buffon (Juventus), Morgan De Sanctis (Napoli), Salvatore Sirigu (Paris Saint-Germain), Emiliano Viviano (Fiorentina).
Defenders: Davide Astori (Cagliari), Federico Balzaretti (Roma), Andrea Barzagli (Juventus), Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus), Mattia Cassani (Fiorentina), Christian Maggio (Napoli), Angelo Ogbonna (Torino).
Midfielders: Daniele De Rossi (Roma), Alessandro Diamanti (Bologna), Emanuele Giaccherini (Juventus), Claudio Marchisio (Juventus), Antonio Nocerino (Milan), Andrea Pirlo (Juventus), Andrea Poli (Sampdoria), Marco Verratti (Paris Saint-Germain).
Forwards: Fabio Borini (Liverpool), Mattia Destro (Roma), Sebastian Giovinco (Juventus), Lorenzo Insigne (Napoli), Pablo Osvaldo (Roma), Giampaolo Pazzini (Milan).
