Boca ended a run of four defeats to give coach Alfio Basile a boost while arch-rivals River Plate's coach Nestor Gorosito resigned after his team surrendered a lead they had held until the last seven minutes to lose 2-1 at San Lorenzo.
Argentina's big two clubs are well off the championship pace, with Boca eight points behind leaders Estudiantes, who have 16 after seven matches, and River 11 adrift.
Estudiantes are a point clear despite Saturday's 1-0 defeat at Argentinos Juniors, who climbed to second, while title holders Velez dropped to third a point further back, level with Banfield.
Boca twice equalised after goals by Velez forward Leandro Caruso early in each half - first with midfielder Sebastian Battaglia's diving header after half an hour, then with Juan Roman Riquelme's exquisitely placed drive into the top right corner in the 64th minute.
The 35-year-old Palermo had already made a case for inclusion in coach Diego Maradona's team on Saturday with both goals in a 2-0 victory for an Argentina team of home-based players against Ghana in a friendly on Wednesday.
"Having been unable to fulfil the (club's) goals, we preferred with my people (staff) to step to one side," he told reporters confirming his resignation after a club record 16th away match without victory.
Striker Bernardo Romeo, a second half substitute, then headed home the winner from Romagnoli's cross four minutes from time.
