Keshi named a 30-strong squad early in May that included surprise recalls for previously out-of-favour pair Joseph Yobo and Peter Odemwingie.
Both have retained their places and will make the trip to Brazil, where John Obi Mikel will appear at his first World Cup, having missed the finals four years ago through injury.
However, among the seven players removed from the squad is Sunday Mba - the scorer of the winning goal in the final of Nigeria's Africa Cup of Nations triumph last year.
Lokomotiv Moscow forward Victor Obinna and Inter midfielder Joel Obi also miss out, along with goalkeeper Daniel Akpeyi.
Nosa Igiebor, Ejike Uzoenyi and Nnamdi Oduamadi are the others to be left out of the travelling party.
Squad in full:
Goalkeepers: Chigozie Agbim (Gombe United), Augustine Ejide (Hapoel Be'er Sheva), Vincent Enyeama (Lille).
